Abstract: Schools of thought are an important hallmark of the maturation of academic disciplines, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) schools are no exception. Conducting systematic research on them is both a necessary requirement for the development of TCM and a vital measure to promote its inheritance and innovation in contemporary times. The research content and core dimensions of TCM schools encompass classification and nomenclature, connotation and extension, historical lineage, and academic thought, among other aspects. The research pathways should be systematically developed along five dimensions: systematic collation of school-related literature resources, in-depth excavation of academic essence, diversified promotion of technical experience, selective research and development of renowned formulas and medicines, and active advancement of normative construction, so as to achieve deep integration of inheritance and innovation.