Abstract: Chinese culture and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) share intertwined historical trajectories, with the developmental stages of both vividly reflected through the lens of the "fusion of Yi-Logy and medicine". Originating from primitive shamanistic practices, the integration of Yi-Logy and medicine later merged with rationalized philosophical systems of Yi-Logy, forming the foundation of early TCM. During the Han Dynasty, the Xiang-Shu Yi-Logy (symbolic-numerological Yi studies) profoundly shaped the theoretical framework of TCM. Under the metaphysical trends of the Wei-Jin period, physicians began "introducing Yi-Logy into medicine", refining the philosophical worldview of medicine. Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism stimulated theoretical innovations in Jin-Yuan medical theories, characterized by "expanding medicine through Yi-Logy", while Zhang Jiebin of the Ming Dynasty systematically synthesized the principles of this fusion. However, the evidential scholarship of the Qing Dynasty rigidified the integration, leading to a proliferation of superficial analogies between medicine and Yi-Logy. Faced with Western cultural challenges, the "fusion of Yi-Logy and medicine" served as cultural self-validation while exposing its theoretical limitations. Thus, the rise, maturity, and decline of Chinese culture and TCM unfolded in parallel, with their shared destiny epitomized by the evolution of this fusion. Throughout history, advancements in medicine were consistently propelled by Yi-Logy, reflecting the latter's characteristics at each stage, while medicine in turn provided practical grounding for Yi-Logy. In the modern era, it is essential to respond to the call of the "Two Integrations", advancing TCM through contemporary reinterpretations of Yi-Logy while leveraging TCM culture to contribute to the revitalization of Chinese civilization.