The Impact of Intergenerational Contact on Age Discrimination among College Students: The Multiple Mediating Effects of Aging Knowledge and Intergroup Anxiety
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摘要: 年龄歧视不仅严重威胁着老年人的身心健康，也影响大学生的职业兴趣。国内对年龄歧视产生机制研究较少，没有阐明代际接触减少年龄歧视的内在机制。采用问卷调查的方法对546名大学生进行施测，结果表明，代际接触既能直接负向预测年龄歧视，也可以通过老化知识、群际焦虑的中介作用，以及老化知识和群际焦虑的链式中介作用对年龄歧视产生间接影响。学校、社会、家长可以共同努力，创设大学生与老年人接触的途径，有助于减少年龄歧视现象。Abstract: Age discrimination not only seriously threatens the physical and mental health of the elderly, but also affects the career interests of college students. There is relatively little research on the mechanism of age discrimination in China. The internal mechanism of intergenerational contact to reduce age discrimination has not been elucidated. This study applied a questionnaire survey to test 546 college students. The results indicated that intergenerational contact could directly and negatively predict age discrimination, as well as indirectly affect age discrimination through the mediating effect of aging knowledge and group anxiety, as well as the chain mediating effect of aging knowledge and group anxiety. With the concerted efforts of schools, society, and parents, the contact routes between college students and the elderly could be created, which could help reduce age discrimination.
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Key words:
- intergenerational contact /
- age discrimination /
- aging knowledge /
- group anxiety
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表 1 各变量的描述统计结果及相关分析矩阵
M±SD 1 2 3 4 代际接触 27.99±6.94 1 老化知识 10.41±3.84 0.277** 1 群际焦虑 33.97±8.98 -0.312** -0.327** 1 年龄歧视 57.53±9.97 -0.416** -0.359** -0.531** 1 注: **P < 0.01。 
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表 2 对中介效应显著性检验的Bootstrap分析
效应类型 路径关系 标准化效应值 相对效应 Boot 95% CI 下限 上限 直接效应 代际接触→年龄歧视 -0.32 64% -0.40 -0.23 中介效应 代际接触→老化知识→年龄歧视 -0.04 8% -0.07 -0.02 代际接触→群际焦虑→年龄歧视 -0.11 22% -0.15 -0.07 代际接触→老化知识→群际焦虑→年龄歧视 -0.03 6% -0.04 -0.02 总中介效应 -0.18 36% -0.23 -0.13 总效应 -0.50 100% -0.57 -0.42
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