Similarities and Differences in the Understanding of Sore Ulcer between the Medical Bamboo Slip and Silk and Huangdi's Canon of Medicine
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摘要: 痈疽是常见的外科疾病,但古今对痈疽的认识有差异。通过比较涉医简帛与《黄帝内经》在痈疽分类、病因病机及治疗上的异同,发现涉医简帛和《黄帝内经》都将外伤视为痈疽发病的重要原因,但《黄帝内经》中痈疽的病因还包括饮食、外邪、情志等因素;涉医简帛和《黄帝内经》都认为痈疽是气血不通所致病症,治疗方法总体相似,但涉医简帛记载的方药更为丰富;《黄帝内经》则在涉医简帛所载砭刺启脉治疗痈疽的基础上,用经络、营卫理论阐述痈疽病机,更多地使用了针刺疗法治疗痈疽。涉医简帛和《黄帝内经》在痈疽认识上的差异,与其成书年代、所属图书门类不同有关,也与社会、医学的发展状况有关。Abstract: Sore ulcer is a common surgical disease, but there are differences in the understanding of it between ancient and modern times. Through comparing the similarities and differences in classification, etiology, pathomechanism, and treatment of sore ulcer, it is found that the medical bamboo slip and silk as well as Huangdi's canon of medicine both consider trauma as an important cause. However, the causes of sore ulcer in the Huangdi's canon of medicine also include factors related to diet, external pathogens, and emotion. Both the medical bamboo slip and silk as well as Huangdi's canon of medicine believe that sore ulcer is the result of the blockage of qi and blood. In addition, the treatment methods are generally similar, but the prescriptions and medicines are more abundant in the medical bamboo slip and silk. However, the Huangdi's canon of medicine, on the basis of the stone needling therapy recorded in the medical bamboo slip and silk, uses the meridians and collaterals theory combined with ying-wei theory to explain the pathogenesis of sore ulcer and applies more acupuncture therapy to treat it. Besides, the differences in the understanding of sore ulcer between the medical bamboo slip and silk and Huangdi's canon of medicine are related to their completion time, book categories, as well as the development of society and medicine.
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Key words:
- sore ulcer /
- medical bamboo slip and silk /
- Huangdi's canon of medicine
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表 1 涉医简帛与《内经》痈疽聚类表
类别 头部 躯干(体表) 躯干(内脏) 四肢 无特定部位 涉医简帛 痈首嗌疽△、
喉痈(咽喉部)
颐痈(颊、腮)
㾺
痈耳乳痈(乳房)
王身(背)伏梁(胃肠外) 股痈(大腿)
胻久伤△(小腿)
(踝下)骨疽*、肉疽*、气疽、
血疽、筋者(疽)、肤疽、卒痈、烂疽内经 脑烁(脑)
猛疽△(咽喉)
天疽、颈痈(颈)疵痈(肩及臑)
甘疽(膺: 胸部中府穴以下部位)
井疽(胸: 胸部鸠尾穴、中庭穴部位)
米疽(腋下)
败疵(胁)伏梁(心下至脐部周围)
胃脘痈(胃脘)
肠痈(肠)锐疽(尻)
赤施(大腿内侧)
股胫疽(大腿或小腿)
兔啮△(小腿)
走缓(内踝)
四淫(足上下)
厉痈(足傍)
脱痈(足趾)骨疽*
肉疽*注: *为相同病名,△为相同病位 表 2 涉医简帛与《内经》痈疽治疗方分类统计表(首)
类别 祝由 内治 外治 内外合治 总计 涉医简帛 3 16 16 3 38 内经 0(提及祝由法一处, 无方) 1 16 1 18 -
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