Abstract: The China Nutrition Promotion Association was a scientific society formally established in Shanghai after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Compared to its predecessor, the China Association for the Promotion of Child Nutrition, the China Nutrition Promotion Association is not limited to children's nutrition, but pay more attention to the improvement of nutrition knowledge for the general public, hoping to promote the whole nation's physical quality through nutrition. With the limited funding, China Nutrition Promotion Association has carried out a lot of activities, promoting the popularization of nutrition knowledge by establishing newspapers and periodicals; dietary guidance and nutrition survey were carried out to improve the nutrition of children and workers. It is of certain effect to the development of nutrition in China after the Anti-Japanese War.